Fishing Flies: Saltwater
The Jig Is Up
by Henry Cowen
photos by David Klausmeyer
NINETY PERCENT or more of all saltwater flies are tied on some sort of "J" hook. Whether you purchase flies at your local fly shop or twist up your own creations, this is the standard used by most fly fishermen. Tiemco, Gamakatsu, Mustad, Eagle Claw, Daiichi, Dai-Riki, and Owner (to name a few) offer "J" hooks in a plethora of styles designed to hold the many different types of flies saltwater fly fishermen create.
In the last seven to eight years, however, there has been a movement among salty brethren on the left coast toward tying saltwater flies on jig hooks — specifically, jig hooks with 60-degree bends. Now, this movement has grown and spread its way eastward, riding the buzz from a lot of anglers who believe that patterns tied on a 60-degree jig hook are superior.
This 60-degree hook is corrosion-resistant and has a longer shank design.
Back in the late 1930s, hook manufacturers introduced the conventional fisherman's bucktail jig, which was designed with a 90-degree bend on the shank just below the hook eye. The bend placed the hook eye on the same side as the hook point and allowed the hook to ride point-up in order to keep the jig from catching the bottom. To give weight to the hook, manufacturers added a molded lead head to the 90-degree bend. The lead gave the hooks the weight needed to be cast by a conventional-tackle fishermen. The bucktail jig was so effective that the US Army Air Corp included some fishing line and a bucktail jig in each pilot's survival kit in case he was shot down over water.
This is a typical "J" hook, the style commonly used for most saltwater fly tying.
This lure revolutionized fishing for conventional-tackle anglers. And it had a huge impact on fly fishing, too. How revolutionary and important? Just ask Bob Clouser, creator of the Clouser Minnow. Though not tied on a jig hook, this deep-running pattern was created as a fly fisherman's counterpart to the bucktail jig. It is unquestionably the single most important saltwater fly ever designed.
Spinster In Waiting
Spinster George Glazer
Hook: Eagle Claw EC 413 jig hook sizes 2/0 to 3.Thread: Red and white Danville Flat Waxed Nylon or Fly Master Plus.
Weight: .035 lead wire.
Tail: 4 long slender saddle hackles.
Flash: Glo white Flashabou and silver Krystal Flash.
Wing: White bucktail.
Throat: White bucktail.
Eyes: Prismatic stick-on eyes.
Hardware: Size 10 barrel swivel, size 00 split ring, and a spinner blade, Indiana style
size 0.
Back in the late 1990s, a fly fisherman out of Texas named George Glazener introduced the Spinster, a fly tied on a jig hook. Glazener said he had been dressing patterns on jig hooks since the 1970s and had been developing and fishing the Spinster since the 1980s. To my knowledge, it's the first pattern designed specifically with a jig hook.
Jig's Up Henry Cowen
Hook: Mustad 32786BLN, size 1/0.Thread: .006 fine clear monofilament.
Weight: .035 lead wire.
Wing: Olive bucktail.
Belly: White bucktail.
Flash: Silver holographic or Krystal flash.
Eyes: Prismatic stick-on eyes, size 3 silver with black pupil.
Body: E-Z Body braid, medium size natural color.
Glue: Devcon 5-Minute Epoxy.
"I developed the Spinster when I began fishing for Lake Texoma stripers and needed a fly to do what the Stump Jumper did for the conventional-tackle fishermen," Glazener says.
Fly-fishing authority, writer, fly tier, and fishing guide Dan Blanton fished with Glazener in May of 1999. Blanton prodded Glazener to go public with the Spinster, and Glazener did. And since that trip, Blanton has single-handedly popularized tying flies on jig hooks. He reinvented already-proven patterns by tying his Whistler and Sar-Mul-Mac on 60-degree jig hooks. His latest creation is a flashtail Clouser tied fully dressed on a 60-degree jig hook. Blanton prefers to tie his flies on the Eagle Claw 413 jig hook in sizes 2/0 through 2. He rarely fishes "J" hooks anymore.
WDA Capt. Jeff Smith
Hook: Eagle Claw EC 413, size 3/0.Thread: Size .006 fine clear monofilament.
Head: Tungsten cone and white craft bead.
Wing: White bucktail, caramel bucktail, lavender bucktail, olive bucktail, and olive Unique Hair.
Flash: Blue Polar Flash.
Collar: Green Polar Flash and gold Polar Flash.
Eyes: Size 3 Prismatic stick-on eyes, silver with black pupil.
Glue: Devcon 5-Minute Epoxy.
Blanton says that he likes using jig hooks for several reasons. "You never gill-hook a fish as you could with a 'J' hook, which makes it ideal for catch-and-release fishing. Eighty percent or more of fish caught on a jig hook are hooked in the top or corner of the mouth. Also, a 60-degree jig hook will get you a much better hook set due to the lever action of the bend. As you continue to pressure a hooked fish, the angle created by the shape and the pulling of the jig hook continues to stick it farther into the fish's mouth. In short, I lose less fish on jig hooks, which is important when you fish barbless."
Crabstah Capt. Jeff Smith
Hook: Eagle Claw 413, size 2.Thread: Olive Fly Master Plus.
Tail: Orange furnace hackle, orange and brown
bucktail, and Krystal Flash.
Tail Collar : Orange furnace hackles, palmered.
Body: Orange Saap body fur.
Wing: Natural elk.
Head: Spun olive deer hair.
Eyes: Medium dumbbell eyes and size 3 Prismatic stick-on eyes, chartreuse.
Another plus is that flies tied on jig hooks ride point up and require less weight to do so consistently than flies tied on conventional "J" hooks. Less weight means a softer landing, which gives shallow water fisherman a big advantage that should translate into fewer spooked fish. The hook with the 60-degree bend also has better hook-setting power, and it has become more popular in many fishing circles than the 90-degree hook.
JH Flashtail Whistler
Dan Blanton
Hook: Eagle Claw EC 413 jig hook sizes 4/0 through 1/0. Thread: White Danville Fly Masters Plus, Red Fly Masters Plus, and chartreuse Flat Waxed Nylon.
Eyes: Spirit River Real Eyes Plus, nickel-and-yellow size 7/32 inch.
Flashtail: Silver and pearl Flashabou.
Sideflash: Rainbow Krystal Flash.
Tail: White Slinky Flash bucktail.
Belly-Wing: White Slinky Flash bucktail.
Under-Wing: White Slinky Flash bucktail.
Middle-Wing: Chartreuse Slinky Flash bucktail.
Over-Wing: Chartreuse bucktail.
Topping: Light-blue Krystal Flash.
Collar: Red ultra chenille, medium.
Hackle Collar: White saddle or large neck hackles.
Hackle Collar Facing: Chartreuse saddle or large neck hackle.
According to Blanton, bottom-crawling shrimp and crab flies tied on 60-degree jig hooks ride over obstructions incredibly well and are almost weedless. Nowadays, Blanton ties all his Merkin crabs on jig hooks.
Blanton also says that jig hooks are better than bendback-style hooks. "The eye of a sixty-degree jig hook is more in line with the hook point than the eye of a bendback. This allows for a truer hook set. In a bendback-style hook, the eye does not run parallel to the point and thus, is not as true, which leads to more missed strikes."
Gary Merriman, owner of The Fish Hawk fly-fishing shop in Atlanta and one of the best skinny-water fishermen in the country, agrees. "It has been my experience that flies tied on bendback hooks decrease the number of my hookups," he says.
Jig-Inspired Patterns
I have been playing with jig hooks for the past year or two and have had a great deal of success with a fly that I named the Jig's Up. It is nothing more than an epoxy-style Surf Candy (popularized by Bob Popovics) tied onto a Mustad Ultra Point 32786BI N 60-degree jig hook. It is very similar in appearance to West Coast tier Dave Sellers's SST (Sellers's Striper Teaser), which incorporates a rear weighting system that makes the fly dart from side to side when retrieved quickly. While the SST is an excellent pattern, it takes quite a bit more time to tie than the Jig's Up and uses much more epoxy.
JH Flashtail Clouser
Dan Blanton
Hook: Eagle Claw EC 413 jig hook sizes 3/0 through 2. Thread: White and red Danville Fly Masters Plus.
Eyes: Spirit River Real Eyes Plus, nickel-and-yellow size 7/32 inch.
Flashtail: Silver and pearl Flashabou.
Sideflash: Silver and pearl Flashabou.
Tail: White Slinky Flash bucktail.
Belly: White Slinky Flash bucktail.
Under-Wing: White Slinky Flash bucktail.
Middle-Wing: Silver Slinky Flash bucktail.
Over-Wing: Hot pink bucktail.
Topping: Lavender Krystal Flash.
I tie the Jig's Up with the Mustad jig hook instead of the Eagle Claw (EC413) for a number of reasons. First, the hook gap is wider than that of the typical O'Shaughnessy style EC413, and I believe the difference translates into more hookups. Second, the Mustad hook uses a heavier gauge wire that allows me to tie flies in smaller sizes without worrying that the hook will open up. It also has a shorter shank, which I believe decreases the chance of the hook working itself free.
The Jig's Up is especially good in skinny water. It is dressed with a very light coat of epoxy over EZ-Body Braid (which shapes the head and body), so it makes little disturbance when it hits the water. The pattern also rides hook up, every time. It has been extremely successful when fished with a slow retrieve in Florida for both redfish and snook as well as on stripers in the flats of the Northeast.
Capt. Jeff Smith of Fin Addiction Charters, out of Wellfleet, Massachusetts, has a couple of excellent patterns that incorporate 60-degree-bend jig hooks. His WDA (Well Diggers Arse) bears a close resemblance to Bob Popovics's Jiggy, but upon closer inspection, you will find that the WDA is tied fuller, is heavily dressed with flash, and employs a craft bead along with a tungsten cone to give the fly a bigger look at the head. Smith says this fly was designed to catch striped bass off the outer beaches of Cape Cod, and he prefers to fish the pattern with a long strip and a definite pause. "The fish will always hit this fly during the pause," he says.
While the Jiggy was certainly the inspiration for Smith's pattern, he claims that the jig hook gives him all the same advantages Blanton discussed above. Smith said this pattern can be tied from sizes 2 to 3/0.
Smith also has had tremendous success with a pattern he calls the Crabstah. Tied on an Eagle Claw 413 size 2 jig hook, the Crabstah is his go-to fly when fishing for stripers on the grass beds in Cape Cod Bay. He designed it to imitate many of the crustaceans found along the New England coast. The deer-hair head along with the palmered tail collar allows this fly to sink slowly and land fairly Another 60-degree jig style softly in shallow water. Smith says the best way to fish this fly is intermittently. "Make a six-inch long strip with a pause in between. As the fly begins to drop over the grass beds, hold on! The materials used in the Crabstah impart enough action into the tail of this fly that drives stripahs wild."
When tied in different color combinations this fly has also taken redfish in the back country of North Carolina's Outer Banks.
In Pop Fleyes, Popovics states that the creation of a fly should be based on a specific need or a problem. Flies tied on jig hooks help solve several basic problems commonly encountered by fly fishermen: losing fish due to barbless hooks, spooking fish, and wasting opportunities due to obstruction. It was George Glazener's creativity and Dan Blanton's vision to recognize the advantages of jig hooks that has made dressing patterns on these hooks popular.
Today, fly fishermen traveling to any saltwater destination around the world should have a few jig hook patterns, even slightly modified versions of some of the best and classic saltwater patterns ever designed, mixed into their fly arsenal.
